fa برآورد فرسایش خاک با استفاده از مدل RUSLE و تعیین خسارت مستقیم و غیرمستقیم در حوزه آبخیز کن تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">اولویت &shy;بندی</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">مناطق</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">مختلف حوزه &shy;های آبخیز</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">براساس</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">میزان</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">فرسایش</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">و</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">رسوب&shy;دهی با رویکرد اثرات اقتصادی آن</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">می‌تواند منجر</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">به</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">تولید اطلاعات</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">با ارزشی</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">برای</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">عملی</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">کردن</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">طرح‌های حفاظت</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">خاک</span></span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">باشد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی و اولویت&shy; بندی زیرحوزه‌های آبخیز، حوزه آبخیز کن بر مبنای وضعیت فرسایش با رویکرد خسارات اقتصادی ناشی از فرسایش و رسوب است. بدین منظور از مدل </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">RUSLE</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt"> برای محاسبه میزان فرسایش و رسوب در حوزه آبخیز کن واقع در استان تهران استفاده شد. متوسط میزان فرسایش و رسوب حوضه کن به ترتیب&nbsp;</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">برابر با نه تن در هکتار و</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt"> 2/ 3 </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">تن در هکتار بود، که میزان خسارت حاصل از فرسایش مستقیم </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">و </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">غیرمستقیم در طی یک سال به &shy;ترتیب 220 و 184/56&nbsp;میلیارد تومان برآورد شد. مجموعاً در یک دوره زمانی پنج ساله برابر</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt"> 1032 </span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">میلیارد تومان محاسبه شده است. هم&shy;چنین نتایج نشان داد که بیش&shy;ترین و کم‌ترین&nbsp;هزینه فرسایش خاک به &shy;&shy;ترتیب در زیرحوضه C-1-2-1 و C2 با مقادیر 79/23 میلیارد و 0/50 </span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif=""><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">میلیارد تومان در سال است. با توجه به این‌که خسارات ناشی</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">از</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">عدم</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">اجرای</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">به</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">موقع</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">عملیات آبخیزداری،</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">به صورت</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">تصاعدی و به‌طور معنی‌داری</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" lotus=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">افزایش خواهد یافت بنابراین اولویت‌بندی واحدهای کاری برای انجام عملیات آبخیزداری می‌تواند نقش به‌سزایی در کاهش میزان خسارات در حوزه‌های آبخیز داشته باشد. </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">Prioritization of different regions at watersheds based on the erosion rate and sediment yield with approach of its economic effects can lead to the production of valuable information for projects of soil conservatism. The present study aim was sub-watersheds prioritization of Kan watershed based on erosion condition with the approach of economic losses from erosion and sediment. Therefore, the RUSLE model used to calculate amount of erosion and sediment of the Kan watershed at Tehran province. The average amount of erosion and sediment was 9 </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">t ha^-1</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">and 3.2 </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">t ha^-1</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt">, respectively, that the damage rate from direct and indirect cost estimated 220 1840.56 billion Rials, respectively. This rate calculated with amount of 10320 billion Rials for time period of 5 year. Also the results showed that the maximum and minimum costs of soil erosion is in the&nbsp; C-1-2-1 and C2 sub-watersheds with rates of 79.23 and 0.50 billion Rials per year, respectively. Given that the damages caused by the non-performance of operation of watershed management will exponentially and significantly increase, therefore, the prioritization reason of work units for operation of watershed management can play the important role at reducing the damages amount at watersheds.</span></span></span></span></div> اولویت‌بندی, حفاظت خاک, رسوب, حاصلخیزی, هدررفت خاک Prioritization, Fertility, Sediment, Soil conservation, Soil loss 42 52 http://jwmsei.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-652-6&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohammad Hossein Ghavimipanah محمدحسین قویمی پناه m.h.ghavimipanah1370@gmail.com 100319475328460015414 100319475328460015414 No Ph.D. Student, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Iran. دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران Leila Gholami لیلا غلامی gholami.leily@yahoo.com 100319475328460015415 100319475328460015415 Yes Associate Professor, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران. Mohammad Reza Ghavimipanah محمدرضا قویمی پناه m.h.ghavimipanah1370@gmail.com 100319475328460015416 100319475328460015416 No Ph.D. in Tectonic-Geology, Geology Expert in TaHa Consulting Engineers دکتری تکتونیک- زمین شناسی، کارشناس زمین‌شناسی شرکت طه (قرارگاه خاتم الانبیاء)